Key Concepts for GATE 2025 Textile Engineering and Fibre Science

The key concepts of GATE 2025 Textile Engineering and Fibre Science include Mathematics, Textile Fibres, Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Structure and Properties, Fabric Manufacture, Structure, and Properties, Textile Testing, etc. Candidates must read all the important concepts for GATE exam in order to score higher marks.

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Candidates set to appear for the GATE 2025 exam must know the key concepts of GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science. Students who have selected Textile Engineering and Fibre Science must know the syllabus and exam pattern.

The key concepts of GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science include Mathematics, Textile Fibres, Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Structure and Properties, Fabric Manufacture, Structure, and Properties, Textile Testing, and many more.

GATE 2025 Textile Engineering and Fibre Science Key Concepts

Candidates can refer to the following table for the key concepts of GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science:

Engineering Mathematics	Textile Fibres
Yarn Manufacture and Yarn Structure and Properties	Fabric Manufacture, Structure, and Properties
Yarn Structure and Properties	Fabric Manufacture, Structure, and Properties
Textile Testing	Chemical Processing

Also Check: Benefits of Writing GATE Exam

GATE 2025 Textile Engineering and Fibre Science Syllabus

The GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science Syllabus consists of 5 sections, including Engineering Mathematics. The following points show the GATE Textile Engineering and Fibre Science Syllabus section-wise.

Engineering Mathematics

The following topics are included in the Engineering Mathematics:

Linear Algebra: Matrices and Determinants, Systems of linear equations; Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Calculus: Limit, continuity and differentiability; Successive differentiation; Partial differentiation; Maxima and minima; Errors and approximations; Definite and improper integrals; Sequences and series; Test for convergence; Power series; Taylor series.
Differential Equations: First order linear and non-linear differential equations; Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients; Euler-Cauchy equation; Partial differential equations; Wave and heat equations; and Laplace’s equation.
Probability and Statistics: Random variables; Poisson, binomial and normal distributions; Mean, mode, median, standard deviation; Confidence interval; Test of hypothesis; Correlation analysis; Regression analysis; Analysis of variance; Control charts.
Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules; Single-step and multi-step numerical methods for differential equations.

Textile Fibres

Students can refer to the following points for the topics for Textile Fibres:

Classification of textile fibres
Essential requirements of fibre forming polymers
Gross and fine structures of natural fibres like cotton, wool, silk
Introduction to bast fibres
Properties and uses of natural and man-made fibres including carbon, aramid and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibres
Physical and chemical methods of fibre and blend identification and blend analysis.
Molecular architecture, amorphous and crystalline phases, glass transition, plasticization, crystallization, melting, factors affecting Tg and Tm
Polymerization of nylon-6, nylon-66, poly (ethylene terephthalate), polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene
Melt spinning processes for PET, polyamide and polypropylene
Preparation of spinning dope
Principles of wet spinning, dry spinning, dry-jet-wet spinning and gel spinning
Spinning of acrylic, viscose and other regenerated cellulosic fibres such as polynosic and lyocell
Post-spinning operations such as drawing, heat setting, tow-to-top conversion;
Spin finish composition and applications
Different texturing methods. Methods of investigating fibre structure such as density, x-ray diffraction, birefringence, optical and electron microscopy such as SEM and TEM, I.R. spectroscopy, thermal methods such as DSC, DMA, TMA and TGA
Structure and morphology of man-made fibres
Mechanical properties of fibres
Moisture sorption of fibres
Fibre structure-property correlation

Yarn Manufacture, Yarn Structure and Properties

The following topics are included in the Yarn Manufacture, Yarn Structure and Properties:

Principles of ginning
Principles of opening, cleaning and blending
Working principles of modern blow room machines
Fundamentals of carding
Conventional vs. modern carding machine
Card setting
Card clothing
Periodic mass variation in card sliver
Card auto leveller
Principles of roller drawing
Roller arrangements in drafting systems
Periodic mass variation in drawn sliver
Draw frame auto leveller
Principles of cotton combing
Combing cycle and mechanisms
Recent developments in combing machine
Principles of drafting, twisting, and bobbin building in roving formation
Modern developments in roving machine
Principles of drafting, twisting and cop building in ring spinning
Causes of end breakages
Modern developments in ring spinning machine
Working principles of ring doubler and two-for-one twister
Relationship between single yarn twist and folded yarn twist
Principles of compact, rotor, air-jet, air-vortex, friction, core, wrap and twist-less spinning processes. Influence of fibre geometry, fibre configuration and fibre orientation in yarn
Fibre packing density of yarn
Yarn diameter
Yarn twist and its relation to yarn strength
Helical arrangement of fibres in yarns
Yarn contraction
Fibre migration in yarns
Stress-strain relation in yarn
Mass irregularity of yarn
Structure-property relationship in ring, compact, rotor, air-jet and friction spun yarns.

Fabric Manufacture, Structure and Properties

Candidates can refer to the following points for the topics included in the Fabric Manufacture, Structure and Properties:

Principles of winding processes
Classification of winding methods
Patterning mechanism
Yarn clearers and tensioners
Different systems of yarn splicing
Warping objectives and classification
Different types of warping creels
Features of beam and sectional warping machines
Different sizing systems
Sizing of spun and filament yarns
Drawing-in process
Principles of pirn winding. Primary and secondary motions of loom
Shedding motion
Positive and negative shedding mechanisms
Type of sheds
Tappet, dobby and Jacquard shedding
Weft insertion
Mechanics of weft insertion with shuttle
Shuttle picking and checking
Beat-up
Kinematics of sley
Loom timing diagram
Cam designing
Effect of sley setting and cam profile on fabric formation
Takeup and Let-off motions
Warp and weft stop motions
Warp protection
Weft replenishment
Principles of weft insertion systems of shuttle-less weaving machines such as projectile, rapier, water-jet and air-jet
Principles of functioning of multiphase and circular looms
Types of selvedges. Basic woven fabric constructions and their derivatives
Crepe, cord, terry, gauze, leno and double cloth constructions
Drawing and lifting plans. Fundamentals of weft knitting
Classification of weft knitting technologies
Weft knitted constructions such as plain, rib, interlock and purl
Different knit stitches such as loop, tuck and float. Principle of warp knitting
Classification of warp knitting technologies
Swinging and shogging motion of guide bar
Basic warp knit construction such as pillar, tricot, atlas, inlay and nets. Fibre preparation processes for nonwovens
Web formation and bonding processes
Spun-bonding and melt-blowing technologies
Applications of nonwoven fabrics. Principles of braiding
Type of braids
Maypole braiding technology. Peirce’s equations for plain woven fabric geometry
Elastic a model of plain-woven fabric
Thickness, cover and maximum set of woven fabrics
Geometry of plain weft knitted loop
Munden’s constants and tightness factor for plain weft knitted fabric
Geometry of tubular braids.

Also Read: GATE Exam Pattern 2025

Textile Testing

The topics included in the Textile Testing section are given below:

Sampling techniques for fibres, yarns and fabrics
Sample size and sampling errors. Moisture in textiles
Fibre length, fineness, crimp, maturity and trash content
Tensile testing of fibres
High-volume fibre testing. Linear density of sliver, roving and yarn
Twist and hairiness of yarn
Tensile testing of yarns
Evenness testing
Fault measurement and analysis of yarns. Fabric thickness, compressibility, stiffness, shear, drape, crease recovery, tear strength, bursting strength, pilling and abrasion resistance
Tensile testing of fabrics
Objective evaluation of low-stress mechanical characteristics
Air permeability
Wetting and wicking
Water-vapour transmission through fabrics
Thermal resistance of fabrics.

Chemical Processing

The topics for the Chemical Processing are provided below for student’s reference:

Impurities in natural fibre
Singeing
Chemistry and practice of preparatory processes for cotton
Preparatory processing of wool and silk
Mercerization of cotton
Preparatory processes for manmade fibres and their blends
Optical brightening agent. Classification of dyes
Dyeing of cotton, wool, silk, polyester, nylon and acrylic with appropriate classes of dyes
Dyeing of polyester/cotton and polyester/wool blends
Dyeing machines
Dyeing processes and machines for cotton-knitted fabrics
Dye-fibre interaction
Introduction to thermodynamics and kinetics of dyeing
Brief idea about the relation between colour and chemical constitution
Beer-Lambert’s law
Kubelka-Munk theory and its application in colour measurement
Methods for determination of wash, light and rubbing fastness. Methods of printing such as roller printing and screen printing
Preparation of printing paste
Various types of thickeners
Printing auxiliaries
Direct styles of printing of (i) cotton with reactive dyes, (ii) wool, silk, nylon with acid and metal complex dyes, (iii) polyester with disperse dyes
Resist and discharge printing of cotton, silk and polyester
Pigment printing
Transfer printing of polyester
Inkjet printing
Printing faults. Mechanical finishing of cotton Stiff, soft, wrinkle resistant, water repellent, flame retardant and enzyme (bio-polishing) finishing of cotton Milling, decatizing and shrink resistant finishing of wool
Antistatic and soil release finishing
Heat setting of synthetic fabrics
Minimum application techniques. Pollution control and treatment of effluents.

Candidates interested in appearing for the GATE exam and having chosen Textile Engineering and Fibre Science must focus on the key concepts of the test paper. Covering the key concept will help them score higher marks as well.

Also Read: GATE Syllabus 2025