Science Stream Subject List for Class 11 & 12

Science stream subject for students in Class 11th & 12th covers both PCM  (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics) and PCB (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) streams in CBSE board. Some of the career options available for students from the science stream include Engineering, Architecture, Astronomy, Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, etc. 

Students can also check the topics and chapters that are covered in the science stream for both Class 11th and 12th along with the advantages they can have by choosing science as their subject.

Science Stream Subject in Class 11 & 12: Overview

Science stream subject for students in Class 11 & 12 has been divided into two parts, PCM (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics) and PCB (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) based on the student’s choice and their interests in the subject.

Students pursuing PCM in Classes 11 & 12 will have career options in Engineering, Architecture, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Statistics, Data Science, etc. whereas students taking PCB will have job opportunities in Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing, Biotechnology, Veterinary Science, etc.

Science Stream Subjects

Students planning to pursue the science stream after class 10 can refer to the subjects and the topics that will be covered in Class 11 and 12th which will give them clarity of what they will be covering in this stream of study.

Physics

Physics is the study of matter, motion, energy, and force and is one of the science stream subjects in Class 11 and 12th. It focuses on understanding the behavior of the universe. Technological developments are made possible by developments in the study of electromagnetic, thermodynamics, mechanics, nuclear physics, and solid-state physics, among other fields of physics.

Students will gain observational, analytical, investigative, and decision-making skills as well as conceptual knowledge, creative thinking, and problem-solving abilities by studying physics in Class 11–12.

Topics Covered in Physics Subject 

Physics chapters for Class 11 and 12th are given below for students pursuing science stream subjects.

• Class 11:
  • Physical World and Measurement
  • Kinematics
  • Laws of Motion
  • Work, Energy and Power
  • Motion of System of Particles and Rigid Body
  • Gravitation
  • Properties of Bulk Matter
  • Thermodynamics
  • Behavior of Perfect Gases and Kinetic Theory of Gases
  • Oscillations and Waves
• Class 12:
  • Electrostatics
  • Current Electricity
  • Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism
  • Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents
  • Electromagnetic waves
  • Optics
  • Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
  • Atoms and Nuclei
  • Electronic Devices

Chemistry

Chemistry is the study of the material, characteristics, and structure of matter, including atomic structure and changes caused by chemical processes, and is one of the major science stream subjects. Everything in the universe is made up of matter and atoms. Chemistry plays a significant role in the advancement of scientific research.

Students will have an understanding of basic to modern advancements in the field of Chemistry which will be thoroughly covered in Class 11–12th. This will also cover synthetic materials, natural resources, biomolecules, and industrial chemistry. These theoretical studies are further supported by practical lab experiments.

Topics Covered in Chemistry Subject 

Chapters that are included in this science stream subject for Class 11 and 12th are listed below.

• Class 11
  
  • Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
  • Structure of Atom
  • Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties
  • Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure
  • States of Matter: Gases and Liquids
  • Thermodynamics
  • Equilibrium
  • Redox Reactions
  • Hydrogen
  • s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline earth metals)
  • Some p-Block Elements
    
    
• Class 12:
  • Solid State
  • Solutions
  • Electrochemistry
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Surface Chemistry
  • General Principles and Processes of Isolation of Elements
  • p-Block Elements
  • d and f Block Elements
  • Coordination Compounds
  • Haloalkanes and Haloarenes
  • Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
  • Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids
  • Organic Compounds Containing Nitrogen
  • Biomolecules
  • Polymers
  • Chemistry in Everyday Life

Mathematics

Mathematics is a science stream subject that focuses on quantity, change, structure, and dimension. The subject focuses on ideas, equations, and how they are used in various mathematical fields. 

At the Class 11–12 level, students will study the fundamental concepts of mathematics, identify the logic that leads to a solution or proof, and discover how to use knowledge practically to solve problems in the real world. 

Topics Covered in Mathematics Subject

Chapters in Mathematics for science stream subjects in Class 11 and Class 12 are given below.

• Class 11:
  • Sets and Functions
  • Relations and Functions
  • Trigonometric Functions
  • Complex Numbers and Quadratic Equations
  • Linear Inequalities
  • Permutations and Combinations
  • Binomial Theorem
  • Sequence and Series
  • Straight Lines
  • Conic Sections
  • Introduction to Three-dimensional Geometry
  • Limits and Derivatives
  • Mathematical Reasoning
  • Statistics and Probability
• Class 12:
  • Relations and Functions
  • Inverse Trigonometric Functions
  • Matrices
  • Determinants
  • Continuity and Differentiability
  • Applications of Derivatives
  • Integrals
  • Applications of the Integrals
  • Differential Equations
  • Vectors
  • Three-dimensional Geometry
  • Linear Programming
  • Probability

Biology 

Biology is the study of living things, including plants and animals, and covers topics including their physical makeup, internal workings, chemical reactions, molecular interactions, growth, and evolution. The word biology is derived from the Greek words "bios" and "logos," which refer to "the study of life forms" and "life" respectively.

In the Class 11-12 science stream subject, biology focuses on giving students a strong understanding of concepts while also connecting the subject's study to practical methods, the environment, agriculture, health, and industry.

Topics Covered in Biology Subject

Biology topics for both Class 11 and 12th are given below.

• Class 11:
  • The Living World
  • Biological Classification
  • Plant Kingdom
  • Animal Kingdom
  • Structural Organization in Animals and Plants
  • Cell: Structure and Function
  • Biomolecules
  • Cell Cycle and Cell Division
  • Plant Physiology
  • Human Physiology
• Class 12:

• Reproduction in Organisms
• Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
• Human Reproduction
• Reproductive Health
• Principles of Inheritance and Variation
• Molecular Basis of Inheritance
• Evolution
• Human Health and Diseases
• Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
• Microbes in Human Welfare
• Biotechnology - Principles and Processes
• Biotechnology and its Applications
• Organisms and Populations
• Ecosystem
• Biodiversity and its Conservation

Advantages of Choosing Science Stream Subject

Some of the advantages for students willing to pursue the science stream in Class 11 and 12 are listed below.

• The objective of science stream subjects is to discover and learn about everything, from the human body to the universe. Discoveries in science have helped us better understand the planet and the creatures that live in it.
• Students' opportunities for employment after choosing a science stream are not limited to engineering and MBBS. Students will have opportunities in different disciplines like research and development, architecture, data science, etc.
• One of the major benefits of choosing science stream subjects over others is that students will be eligible to pursue other courses if they want to shift their career from science to different fields. 
• The skills needed for research in the science stream will help transform students into more innovative and intelligent individuals.