Study in UK

In the UK, PhDs are 3-4 year full-time programs and 6 year part-time programs. Top universities in the UK charge between 18,000 and 35,000 GBP per year for a PhD. In India, this would be equivalent to 18-36.2 lakhs INR per year. The UK offers many scholarships for international students, including scholarships and grants offered by the UK Research and Innovation agency, etc. If you are willing to pursue PhD in UK universities, read through this article to find out more about the types of PhD, top universities, scholarships available for PhD in the UK.

Types of PhD in the UK

UK universities offer five types of PhDs: Standard, Integrated, Professional, Distance Learning, and PhD by Publication. Standard PhD is the most popular choice among international students. The five different types of PhD are discussed briefly as follows:

• Standard PhD
• Integrated PhD
• Professional PhD
• Distance Learning PhD
• PhD by Publication

Standard PhD

This degree requires 3 to 4 years of full-time study on campus. The first year involves students discussing research proposals with supervisors and formulating a plan. Students in the second and third years are exposed to data collection and research. The final year of study is spent writing a thesis and completing the dissertation viva.

Integrated PhD

This program combines the 1 year Masters in Research (MRes) with a 3-year PhD in the United Kingdom. Over 30 universities offer it. The major goal is to combine a taught component with independent research. It provides students with the opportunity to learn about different methodologies.

Professional PhD

The PhD in this type is usually in a vocational field such as medicine, engineering, or education. The program prepares students for employment in their chosen field. As a result, fewer research theses are written, and more projects are centred around real-life issues facing corporations.

Distance Learning PhD

These types of PhDs are chosen by international students who have duties at work or at home. This is also an ideal method when there is a need for the researcher to visit a specific location. One or two weeks a year, students attend university and generally communicate with their supervisor over the phone, email, or skype. The program takes around 5 to 6 years to complete.

PhD by Publication

Students who have previously published original papers such as book chapters, journal articles, and books can apply for this type of PhD, which is also called Higher Doctorate. It should be noted, however, that most British universities only accept PhDs by publication from their own alumni. Students must submit five to eight publications and a 5,000 to 20,000-word supporting statement to apply for this program.

How to Apply for a PhD in the UK

For admission to a PhD in the UK, a master's degree or, in some cases, a four-year bachelor's degree is required. The application process may also require international students to submit a research proposal describing their research interests and methodologies. PhD applications in the UK do not have a common application portal. Thus, students must submit their applications independently to their choice of university. The eligibility criteria and important documents are given below:

• An equivalent UK Masters degree or a 4-year bachelor's degree (Hons)
• At least 70% marks in Bachelor’s and Master’s degree
• Proof of English language proficiency
• Letter of Recommendation
• Research Proposal
• Statement of Purpose (if required)

Top PhD Programs in the UK

Universities in the UK are equipped with modern infrastructure and state-of-the-art facilities to facilitate PhD research. The following table lists some of these popular degrees, including universities that offer them:

PhD in UK Universities

Universities in the U.K. offer high-quality education, which attracts international students. The QS Ranking of 2022 identifies four UK universities as among the top universities in the world. The following are some of the top universities offering PhD programs in the UK:

• University of Oxford
• University of Cambridge
• Imperial College London
• University College London
• University of Edinburgh
• University of Manchester
• London School of Economics and Political Science
• University of Bristol

University of Oxford

It is one of the world's oldest universities and demonstrates a highly selective admission policy, with its acceptance rate being 15 percent. At the University of Oxford, more than 10,000 international students make up 45% of the total student body. With an annual endowment of 1.2 billion GBP, the university has been ranked 1st in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2021.

Read More: University of Oxford

University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is home to brilliant international students from more than 150 different countries. It has an overall acceptance rate of 16.2%, indicating a selective admission policy. More than 22,000 students attend the university. The university boasts over 9,000 international students, accounting for 40% of the total student population. The university is ranked first in the QS World University Rankings by Subject, 2021, and offers a wide variety of research and doctoral study opportunities.

Read More: University of Cambridge

Imperial College London

Among the best-quality educational institutions in the world, Imperial College ranks eighth and first in London, attracting a large number of international students. As the third highest-ranked university in the UK for employability after Cambridge and Oxford, Imperial College London is highly recognized by employers. As per Times Higher Education Rankings, it ranks 11th in World University Rankings 2021.

Read More: Imperial College

University College London

University College London is one of the top-ranking research-intensive universities in the UK, and has produced 30 Nobel laureates. In an academic year, UCL admits around 43,800 students. More than 23,000 students at the university represent more than 150 nations and make up 53% of the entire student body.

Read More: University College London

University of Edinburgh

The University of Edinburgh is recognized as one of the world's top 50 universities and ranks 34 in terms of graduate employment. Global recognition and a good reputation of the university have contributed to the growth of international students. Presently, more than 13,000 students are enrolled in the university.

Read More: University of Edinburgh

University of Manchester

With three faculties and eight schools and departments, the University of Manchester is the largest single-site institution in the UK. As the world's 27th best university according to QS world rankings 2022, it has been offering internationally recognized programs to students from 160+ countries. As per the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2021, it has been ranked 9th among the top universities in the UK.

Read More: University of Manchester

London School of Economics and Political Science

During an academic year, the London School of Economics and Political Science accepts nearly 11,000 students. About 55% of students at LSE are international, representing nearly 200 different countries. According to QS World University Rankings, it ranked 2nd in Social Sciences and Management for the 9th consecutive year in 2021.

Read More: London School of Economics and Political Science

University of Bristol

The University of Bristol, which has more than 20,000 undergraduates and 7,000 graduate students, is known for its excellent teaching and research. Additionally, the university also takes pride in being associated with 13 Nobel laureates. The Guardian University Guide 2021 ranks it at the 11th position among the best universities in the UK.

Read More: University of Bristol

Funding and Scholarships for PhD in the UK

Most UK universities offer studentships for research postgraduates (PhDs and MRes). Scholarships are typically funded by departments, colleges or external agencies and cover tuition fee coverage plus a stipend. The UK offers studentships that cover the costs associated with attending seminars and workshops related to their research projects taken up by PhD candidates. Academic performance during a master's or bachelor's degree determines whether the candidate is eligible for such awards.

What is GCSE? And what is its importance? During Year 9, you might start to hear your teachers talking a lot about GCSEs, and you may have older friends who are taking them already. This qualification is an important stepping stone on the path to getting a job or pursuing higher education. 

There are a number of employers and colleges that require candidates to have at least five of these qualifications. This article has been compiled to help you gain a complete understanding of GCSE.

What is GCSE?

The full form of GCSE is the General Certificate of Secondary Education. It is an educational qualification usually taken by 15-16 year old students in the United Kingdom at the end of their compulsory education. However, anyone can take it, as there are no age restrictions or formal entry requirements.

GCSE exams mainly consist of written exams, but other elements, such as projects, fieldwork, artwork, experiments, and investigations, are also assessed throughout the course. Students usually study for this qualification full time for two years and select between 5-12 subjects. To understand this term better, let’s explore the following aspects in detail.

• GCSE Grades
• GCSE Subjects
• GCSE Equivalent in India
• GCSE Exams
  • How to Book a GCSE Exam?
• GCSE Results

GCSE Grades

Traditionally, GCSEs were graded from A* to G (plus a U grade for papers considered 'ungraded'). Wales and Northern Ireland still fall into this category. However, recent reforms have replaced this method with the 9-1 grading scheme in England, where a 9 is equal to a high A*.

In England, this qualification has been reformed to keep up with the demands of the universities and employers. With the help of the new grading system, colleges and employers can make better distinctions between candidates of different abilities. The following table illustrates how the new grading system works:

The average GCSE grades required by most universities are generally between 4-5 in English, Maths, and perhaps Science. However, some universities may have their own list of subjects and grades that they expect from students. For this reason, you should verify the requirements directly with the universities. 

GCSE Subjects

While GCSEs are available in more than 60 subjects and vocational fields, a few core subjects like Maths, English Language, English Literature, Science, etc., are mandatory. Among the optional subjects, the major areas include arts, humanities, design and technology, and modern foreign languages. Some of the courses are academic, while some others offer practical learning as well.

This qualification can lead to various job opportunities, higher education, and apprenticeships. You might need GCSEs in certain subjects if you plan to go for higher education or apprenticeships. For example, advanced apprenticeships typically require five GCSEs with grades A* to C, including mathematics and english. If you are looking for a job, most employers will check these qualifications to see whether the subjects you studied are relevant to the position you are applying for.

Among the wide range of subjects available, you should be able to find the ones that suit your interests. However, if you are still unsure of what kind of career you want, you may want to keep your options open. Sometimes, choosing a range of subjects can help you figure out what type of career you will pursue. You may also seek assistance from your teachers or mentors to select your subjects.

GCSE Equivalent in India

International students might be wondering, “What is GCSE in India?” Well, in India it is equivalent to SSC or 10th standard. This examination is taken by students who have finished ten years of schooling in the following subjects: languages (english and 1 regional language), social studies, mathematics, and science. Here is a comparison between schooling ages in India and the UK:

GCSE Exams

In general, students can take these exams only during summers, usually between April to June. The only exceptions english and maths, as exams for these subjects can be retaken during winters. The GCSE exam did not take place for 2 years due to the pandemic. In 2020, students were evaluated using centre-assessed grades, and in 2021, teacher-assessed grades were used. This year these exams will be conducted between 16 May to 28 June 2022.

How to Book a GCSE Exam?

Booking a GCSE exam is a simple and straightforward process, you just need to follow the steps given below:

1. Firstly, book a GCSE preparation course online for your exam preparation.
2. Next, you need to choose the exam centre. For certain subjects, there may be only one exam location in your area. Whereas for popular subjects like Maths and English, you will be able to choose from a  range of exam sites.
3. Ideally, you should book your exam at least six months before your exam date. This way you will be able to get your preferred exam centre. If you are not able to find a suitable exam location online, speak to the exam boards directly.
4. Pay the exam fees. The fees for private GSCE exams range between £37 and £200 (per exam). However, the fees may vary depending on the subject and the exam centre. The exam fee is not refundable, so ensure that you book the correct date and time.
5. You must have all the right information handy in order to book your exam place smoothly. This includes your full name, date of birth, address, contact details, Unique Candidate Identifier (UCI), and the exam code for your course. Contact your GCSE course coordinator if you are not sure of your exam code.
6. Make sure you arrive on time for your exam. You must carry the following essential items to the exam centre: 
   • A valid photo ID
   • Statement of Entry (not essential, but may be helpful)
   • A transparent pencil case
   • Black pens
   • A bottle of water
   • Compass, protractor, etc. (for Maths GCSE)

GCSE Results

GCSE results 2022 will be released on 25th August 2022. In case, students are not satisfied with their results, they will be able to sit for the exam in the next summer series in 2023. However, as mentioned earlier, exams for English language and mathematics will conducted again in November 2022 exam series.

Are you planning to pursue higher education in the UK? Well, a majority of the UK universities accept applications via UCAS for their undergraduate and postgraduate courses. Students who aspire to study in the UK should familiarize themselves with the system of UCAS.

With some of the oldest universities across the globe, a world-class education system, numerous research opportunities, and a unique culture, the UK has a lot to offer. Find out everything you need to know about UCAS and how to use it to apply for a university in the UK.

Table of Contents

• What is UCAS?
• UCAS Application Procedure
• UCAS Track
• UCAS Deadline 2022
• UCAS Clearing

What is UCAS?

Universities and Colleges Admission Services is a central organization that handles all the admission-related processes for students applying to higher education institutes in the United Kingdom. No other country other than the UK accepts applications through this system for admission to universities and colleges. Though it is well known for its undergraduate application service, it also provides additional admission services like conservatoires, teacher training, and postgraduate applications.

UCAS Application Procedure

Students must fill the application form in order to apply to any college or university based in the United Kingdom. Each section of the application form should be filled in carefully by the students. The step-by-step procedure for filling out the application form is given below:

• UCAS Registration
• Personal Details
• Course Choices
• Education History
• Employment History
• Personal Statement
• Reference
• Application Fee
• Application Submission

UCAS Registration

To begin with, you must register with UCAS on their website. It is possible to register independently or through your current college/school (if it is registered with this system). You will be required to answer some basic questions while registering with this system. Following that, you will be given a username and asked to create a password.

Personal Details

You will be asked to fill in some personal details in this section. If you are uncertain of any questions, you can seek assistance by clicking on the red question mark available at the end of a question. Each mandatory question must be answered, and no section can be skipped. It doesn't have to be done all at once, so you can sign in at any time and save your progress. It is also important to keep your email address updated so that you don't miss any important application updates.

Course Choices

You are allowed to select up to five courses on your application form, which means you can either select five courses from one university or five different courses from five different universities. Therefore, it is prudent to thoroughly research the courses that you want to choose, as well as the institutions offering those courses. 

Education History

Your education history section is where you need to list all the schools and colleges you have attended since the age of 13, along with your academic achievements. Make sure you provide as many details as possible, including your grades and results. In the absence of enough information, universities may have trouble making decisions. 

Employment History

If you have any previous work experience, you need to put those details in this section. Make sure to add details of full-time or part-time paid jobs only, and not unpaid or voluntary work. A maximum of 5 experiences can be included in this section. In case you don’t have any work experience, you may leave this section blank and mark it as completed.

Personal Statement

As the name suggests, a personal statement highlights your skills, experience, and qualifications that make you an ideal candidate for a particular course and university. You should spend considerable time on writing one as it will help the decision-makers to assess your suitability for a specific course. Being honest about your skills and accomplishments is important. Write only what is relevant to your course of study and stick to the word limit.

Reference

You would require a written recommendation before sending your application. Ideally, a reference should be from a teacher or an employer who knows you professionally. Remember that you cannot have a family member or friend as a referee.

Application Fee

Candidates who are applying to study in 2022 will have to pay an application fee of £22 for a single course and £26.50 for multiple course choices.​

Application Submission

After completing your application, you will be able to see your full application. Make sure you review it carefully and make any edits if required. In the end, you need to read and agree to the declaration so that your data can processed and sent to the universities/colleges of your choice.

UCAS Track

Through this facility, you can track your application's status and progress on the platform. It allows you to check whether your seat is confirmed for the course you have selected. Additionally, you can change certain aspects of your application, such as editing your contact information, changing course details, adding more options, or cancelling it. UCAS has offered ample guidance on its platform so that you can utilize this facility more efficiently.

UCAS Deadline 2022

This year, the application deadline was 26th January 2022. The applications are generally closed by 6 pm UK time (for most undergraduate courses). The following table provides a comprehensive list of important deadlines and events:

UCAS Clearing

There is a clearing process in which university applicants are matched with places that are yet to be filled. Applicants who have applied through this system and have not received any offers are eligible for clearing. If you meet any of the following conditions, you can go for clearing:

• You have applied for UCAS after June 30th.
• You did not obtain the desired exam results for your first or second-course choices.
• Your seat is not confirmed even after the results have been announced.
• You accepted an offer but changed your mind regarding the course you want to pursue.

Securing a seat at one of the top UK universities can be challenging. Now that you know how the UCAS system works, it is recommended to apply within the deadlines to increase your chances of getting admitted into the university of your choice. However, once you have completed the admission process and have been accepted into your desired course and college, it is time to sit back and relax.

The UK is home to a number of top-notch educational institutions. You will be surprised to know that the oldest universities in UK were founded more than 800 years ago! Some of the most influential figures in British history have been produced by these centers of higher education. Read more to learn about the oldest institutions in the UK and their admission requirements.

List of Top 10 Oldest Universities in UK

Some of the oldest higher education institutions in the UK include the University of Oxford, the University of Cambridge, etc. Listed below are the top 10 oldest universities in the UK:

• University of Oxford
• University of Cambridge
• University of St. Andrews
• University of Glasgow 
• University of Aberdeen
• University of Edinburgh
• University of Manchester
• University College London
• Durham University
• Aberystwyth University

University of Oxford

One of the leading universities in the world, the University of Oxford shows evidence of teaching and learning from as early as 1096. Ranking 4th globally according to the QS World University Rankings 2022, it is amongst the oldest universities in UK and the second oldest continuously running university in the world. 

Oxford University offers around 350 different graduate degree programs and is organised into 39 independent colleges and 6 permanent private halls. There are 4 academic divisions of Medical Sciences, Humanities, Social Sciences and Mathematical, Physical and Life Sciences, which together comprise around 100 academic departments of study. Around 43 percent of the student body at the university is constituted of international students. Following are some of the admission requirements to apply to the University of Oxford:

• Academic transcripts with certified English translation
• Statement of purpose
• Proof of financial support
• Country-specific requirements
• Standardized test scores
• Proof of proficiency in English
  • IELTS: 7
  • TOEFL: 100
  • PTE: 66
• Letter of recommendation (for graduate courses)
• An updated CV (for graduate courses)
• An interview (for shortlisted students)
• Research Proposal (if required)

Read More: University of Oxford

University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge was founded in 1209 and is the second oldest university in the UK. It was established by an association of scholars who left the University of Oxford due to some issues with the people of the town. The university consists of 31 autonomous colleges and six schools (Arts and Humanities, Biological Sciences, Clinical Medicine, Humanities and Social Sciences, Technology and Physical Sciences), each consisting of numerous departments. It also has 8 principal non-school institutions. The university occupies the 7th position according to the QS World University Rankings 2022. Here are some of the eligibility requirements for the University of Cambridge:

• Official high school transcripts in English
• Letter of recommendations
• CV/Resume
• Statement of Interest
• GMAT/GRE scores
• English language proficiency test scores
  • IELTS: 7.5
    
  • TOEFL: 110
• Valid passport
• Work experience letter
• Financial declaration certificate

Read More: University of Cambridge

University of St. Andrews

The University of St Andrews was founded in 1410 and is the third among the oldest universities in UK. It is also the oldest university in Scotland and arrived at the 100th position according to the QS World University Rankings 2022. 

Constituted of a total of 25 schools, the university comprises of four main faculties across the disciplines of Arts, Divinity, Medicine and Science. The University of St Andrews offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in around 42 different subjects of study. Additionally, it also offers an assorted range of non-degree and tailored short courses for students. To apply to the University of St. Andrews, international students must meet the following requirements:

• Official transcripts
• English Language proficiency scores
• Standardized test scores
• English language proficiency test scores
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 78
• Letter of recommendation
• A copy of passport
• Interview
• Financial documents

Read More: University of St. Andrews

University of Glasgow 

Established in the University of Glasgow, this academic institution in Scotland was founded by a papal bull (a form of public decree) in Glasgow, Scotland. Featured at 67th in the QS World University Rankings 2020, this university is a renowned centre for internationally acclaimed research. 

The university offers over 600 different courses at the undergraduate level and around 300 courses at the postgraduate level of study. The degrees offered are flexible in nature with a choice of studying multiple subjects before deciding on a specialization. The university also offers a plethora of postgraduate degrees and research-oriented programs taught in an online mode. To apply to the University of Glasgow, candidates must fulfil the admission requirements given below:

• Official Transcripts in English
• Letters of Recommendation
• Language Proficiency Test scores:
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 90
• GMAT/GRE
• Research Proposal (graduate applicants)
• A valid passport

Read More: University of Glasgow 

University of Aberdeen

Another essential mention amongst the oldest universities in UK, the University of Aberdeen came into being in 195. Located in Scotland, it ranks 207th globally as per the QS World University Rankings 2020. The university is internationally acclaimed for its research and is among the best universities in the UK for degree programs in dentistry and sports science.

The university offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in a vast range of disciplines divided among 12 schools. The major schools of the University of Aberdeen are divided across Biological Sciences, Language, Literature, Geosciences, Engineering, Medicine, History and Philosophy, Social Science, amongst others. Following are the eligibility requirements to secure a seat at the University of Aberdeen:

• Completed application form
• Transcripts
• Passing certificate
• Updated CV
• Personal statement
• Reference letter
• Passport
• English proficiency scores
  • IELTS: 6
  • TOEFL: 78
• Financial statement

Read More: University of Aberdeen

University of Edinburgh

Getting the 20th rank in the QS World University Rankings 2020, the University of Edinburgh is spread across five campuses in Edinburgh. Founded in 1582, it ranks sixth among the oldest universities in UK. The university comprises 3 colleges, collectively hosting 21 schools, each divided into various academic sub-units or departments. It offers excellent research opportunities in the areas of Arts, Humanities and Social Science, Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Science and Engineering, Animal Research etc. To apply to the University of Edinburgh, you must meet the admission requirements listed below:

• Official high school transcripts (minimum 70% marks)
• Bachelor's degree with above 60% marks
• Course-specific degree requirements
• English language proficiency test scores
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 100
• GMAT/GRE scores
• Professional CV/resume
• Work experience documents
• Letter of recommendation/appreciation
• Statement of Purpose
• A valid visa
• Bank statement

Read More: University of Edinburgh

University of Manchester

Founded in 1824, the University of Manchester was established after the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester. It is ranked as one of the top universities in the UK and ranks 27 in the World University Ranking QS 2021. 

The university offers various specializations for international students with business and marketing being the most popular programs. Students enjoy a pleasant learning environment and also study in the iconic Victorian buildings. The eligibility requirements for the University of Manchester are given as follows:

• Academic transcripts
• English proficiency test scores
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 80
• Supplementary essays
• Financial documents
• Statement of purpose
• GRE/GMAT test scores
• Updated resume/CV
• Letters of recommendation
• Fee waiver form, if any
• Interview form/portfolio according to the course requirements

Read More: University of Manchester

University College London

Originally named as London University in 1826, the University College London is the first university to be established in the capital city. Placed 8th according to the QS World University Rankings 2020, the university offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in a vast array of subjects divided among 11 faculties including Life Sciences, Social and Historical Sciences, Engineering Sciences, Laws, Bartlett, Medical Sciences, to name a few. Additionally, the university also offers students the chance to choose from around 400 short courses which can be pursued both online and on campus. Take a look at the admission requirements of the University College London:

• Official transcripts
• Personal statement
• Recommendation letters
• English language proficiency test scores
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 92
• Copy of passport
• Financial statement
• Proof of work experience

Read More: University College London

Durham University

Established in 1832, Durham University is a collegiate public research university and is the 3rd oldest university in England. Having excellence of more than 150 years old, the university is known for its programs in Theology, divinity and religious studies. Archaeology. Durham University is ranked #82 globally by QS World Rankings 2022.

It is also a member of the prestigious British research universities’ Russell Group and has the highest graduate employment rate in the UK. Apart from academics, students also benefit from international partnerships and associations. To obtain admission at Durham University, applicants need to meet the following requirements:

• Official transcripts
• Resume
• Personal Statement
• Valid passport
• Standardized test scores
• Letters of recommendation
• Work experience proof (if applicable)
• Interview at the time of admissions
• English proficiency proof
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 92

Read More: Durham University

Aberystwyth University

Popularly known as the ‘People’s University’, Aberystwyth is built on the site of an incomplete hotel, which was purchased from the local railway contractor and converted into a university. Upon opening in 1872, it welcomed 26 students and today is home to more than 8,000 students from around the world. It is also regarded as one of the oldest universities in the UK. Below are the admission requirements to apply for Aberystwyth University:

• A completed application form
• Official transcripts
• Copy of Passport
• English Proficiency Test Scores
  • IELTS: 6.5
  • TOEFL: 88
• 1-2 letters of recommendation
• Resume/CV
• Proof of financial sufficiency

Read More: Aberystwyth University

The UK tier 4 visa is one of the most important admission requirements for students planning to study in the UK. To work and live in the UK, you need to apply using the points-based system which became effective from January 1, 2021. Under this system, individuals must obtain 65 – 70 points to be able to study or work in the UK.

Table of Contents

• UK Visa Tiers 
• Eligibility Requirements for UK Tier 4 Visa
• UK Tier 4 Visa: Application Process
  
  • Documents Required
• How to Apply?
• UK Tier 4 Visa: Processing Time & Priority Service
• Validity and Extension for UK Tier 4 Visa
• UK Tier 4 Visa: Rejection Reasons & How to Avoid Them

UK Visa Tiers 

The Tier Visa system in the United Kingdom is a point-based visa category system. To be able to qualify for a visa, applicants must score a certain number of points on an assessment test. The test takes into account factors including age, English language fluency, and other factors relevant to the Tier under which you apply. Traveling to the UK under a Tier category often validates you for UK settlement or even UK citizenship. Below are the five types of UK visa tiers: 

• Tier 1: High-Value Migrants 
• Tier 2: Skilled Workers 
• Tier 3: Unskilled Workers
• Tier 4: Adult Students
• Tier 5: Temporary Workers 

Eligibility Requirements for UK Tier 4 Visa

Tier 4 Student visa is issued to students who are at least 16 years old and want to pursue higher education in the UK. While the eligibility is calculated on the point-based system, you must fulfill the following requirements:

• Course Selection & CAS
• Knowledge of English
• Availability of Funds
• Immigration Health Service Charge

Course Selection & CAS

Before applying for a UK student visa, it is mandatory for candidates to apply for an eligible course. As a Tier 4 (General) visa applicant, you can pursue one of the following courses:

• A full-time program leading to a qualification equal to or higher than NQF level 6 (graduate diploma or graduate certificate, bachelor's degree or equivalent)
• A part-time program leading to a qualification equal to or higher than NQF level 7 (postgraduate certificate or PG diploma, Master's degree or equivalent)
• A full-time, minimum 15 hrs per week day-time study program leading to a qualification equal to or higher than NQF level 3 (higher education diploma, IB diploma, or equivalent)
• A recognized Foundation program, for postgraduate doctors or dentists.
• An English language program at Level B2, that is, Independent user, leveling up to a proficient user.
• Once you have been admitted to a university approved by UK Visa and Immigration (UKVI), you will receive a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS). 

Note: You must apply for the UK student visa within 6 months of receiving the CAS.

Knowledge of English

As a part of their academic assessment, your chosen Tier 4 Sponsor, i.e, a UK university will assess your level of English language competence as an integral part of their academic evaluation for the applied course. However, for the Tier 4 student visa, you must prove your knowledge of the English language by passing a SELT (Secure English Language Test) with CEFR Level B1 and B2.

Availability of Funds

As a Tier 4 UK Student visa applicant, you are required to provide evidence of funding to pay for your tuition fees course, and monthly accommodation expenses, for up to at least a year. At the time of visa application, you must show that you have:

• At least 12006 GBP (11,97,617 INR) to cover your Year-1 course fees (calculated with an approximation of 1,334 GBP(1,33,068 INR) per month)
• Received official financial sponsorship, and
• Enough funding to cover the remaining course fees and living costs

The overall amount of funding you are required to demonstrate depends upon the category you are applying under, the duration of your course, your university, and your living arrangements in the UK. As evidence of available funds, you must use one of the following:

• Cash funds in saving or current bank.
• A loan letter
• Official financial sponsorship letter 
• Other accounts such as bonds, shares, overdrafts, etc cannot be used as evidence of funding.

Immigration Health Service Charge

All UK student visa applicants have to pay a health surcharge of 300 GBP per year to gain access to the UK’s National Health Service. The students have to pay it at the time of submitting their visa application online.

UK Tier 4 Visa: Application Process

International students seeking Tier 4 student visa are required to apply at least three months before the commencement of the program. The overall UK student visa process is mentioned below.

Documents Required

Students must provide the following documents to apply for UK Tier 4 visa:

• Details of passport
• Tuberculosis test results
• Criminal record certificate
• Proof of financial sufficiency that you have enough funds for your entire period of stay in the UK.
• Parents’ or legal guardian letters if you are under 18.
• Recent passport size photograph

How to Apply?

Below is the step-by-step procedure to apply for UK Tier 4 visa:

• Step I: Enroll for Biometrics at a visa application center to obtain a Biometric Residence Permit.
• Step II: Complete an Online Application Form
• Step III: Submit Tuberculosis Certificate with a “negative” result.
• Step IV: Pay the visa processing fee of 348 GBP.
• Step IV: Undertake an interview

Generally, the UK student visa outcomes are notified within the 3 weeks of application. 

UK Tier 4 Visa: Processing Time & Priority Service

Your application starts processing once you submit the biometrics and ends after the collection of your passport. As mentioned, the entire process takes about 3 weeks, wherein, 1 week is 5 working days. However, if you want to get the Tier 4 student visa decision on priority, you can contact the visa application center for the same. There are two priority visa collection services available:

• Collection within 24 hours: 800 GBP + 348 GBP
• Collection within 5 days: 500 GBP + 348 GBP

Note: Currently, these priority services for UK visa are available in limited countries. Fortunately, India is one of them.

Validity and Extension for UK Tier 4 Visa

Your Tier 4 student visa is generally valid for the duration of the program with an additional four months to wind up your studies. The UKVI also offers students a provision to extend their Tier 4 visa, in case they need extra time to complete their course or start a new one. To be eligible for an extension of a UK student visa, students must:

• Be present in the UK at the time of application
• Fulfill the eligibility requirements for Tier 4 visa
• Have a sponsor to fund full or partial studies. It can be a Tier 4 Sponsor UK University, an overseas provider, or an independent school

To apply for an extension, students need to complete an online application before their current visa expires, but a minimum before 3 months of course commencement on CAS. Furthermore, you need to pay additional charges for a UK study visa extension, which will include

• 475 GBP for extension
• Immigration health surcharge of 300 GBP per year
• 19.20 GBP for Biometric verification

UK Tier 4 Visa: Rejection Reasons & How to Avoid Them

A successful visa application for the UK is not luck, but a result of good preparation. You must be well prepared in advance and do your best so that the application does not get rejected. Some of the major reasons why your Tier 4 student visa may get rejected are:

• Missing Documents
• Failure to Meet Financial Requirements
• Incorrect Document Format
• Genuine Student Interview

Missing Documents

The students must go through the visa policy guidance and must be prepared with all the documents in advance. Every document provided has to be original. In case you are unable to provide any original document, then you must provide an explanation letter along.

Failure to Meet Financial Requirements

Every student has to show up to 1,334 GBP per month to stay in the UK to cover their study and living expenses. The students have to show this amount for their entire course duration.

Incorrect Document Format

The students must provide the documents in the given format. Every translated document shall contain the date, name, signature, and contact details of the translator.

Genuine Student Interview

In the interview, the applicants are asked a number of questions about their choice of course and future plans. The students are required to be very clear about their thoughts and must be able to convince the interviewers about their choice of studying in the UK.

Have you heard about the golden triangle universities in the UK? These are a set of universities that are based on the highly funded and top-notch research universities in the Southern English cities of London. The golden triangle is popularly known as the Loxbridge triangle.

Golden triangle universities are prestigious and well-respected academic institutions, especially in the area of research. Studying at golden triangle institutions is the dream of many international students. The University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge are the first two corners of the golden triangle. Those of the remaining London universities make up the third corner.

Table of Contents

• List of Golden Triangle Universities in the UK
• Research on the Golden Triangle Universities

List of Golden Triangle Universities in the UK

The golden triangle universities in the UK are also known as the elite universities. The table below provides the list of these universities, along with their latest rankings:

University of Oxford

The University of Oxford is one of the top-ranked collegiate research universities in the UK. It was founded around 925 years ago and is among the oldest universities in the English speaking world. The university is home to 39 semi-autonomous constituent colleges, 6 permanent private halls, and a number of academic departments. Oxford's inclusion in the list of the golden triangle universites group is well-justified. The university manages the world's oldest university museum and the largest academic library system in the country.

Following are some of the admission requirements of the University of Oxford:

• For UG courses, students must have 10+2 qualification from either CBSE or ISC with a minimum score of 90% in every subject.
• Overall CGPA of 3.2 on a scale of 4.0 (for graduate courses)
• Official Academic Transcripts 
• Statement of Purpose
• Written Material (Essays as per course requirements)
• References/LORs 
• Student CV / Academic Resume
• English Language Test Scores
• GMAT / GRE Scores
• Portfolio 

Read More: University of Oxford

University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge is a public research university that was founded in 1206. It incorporates 31 semi-autonomous constituent colleges and over 150 academic departments, faculties and other institutions organised into six schools. Cambridge University Press & Assessment combines the oldest and second-largest university press in the world. It operates eight cultural and scientific museums, several libraries and started the Cambridge Union – the world’s oldest debating society. By endowment size, Cambridge is the wealthiest university in Europe. 

Below are some of the eligibility requirements to apply for the University of Cambridge:

• Academic transcripts 
• IELTS/TOEFL score report
• Personal statement/SOP 
• Reference letters/LORs
• CV (if applicable)
• Written work/Assessment Test/Portfolio depending on your course 
• Financial documents such as loan or scholarship letter
• Copy of passport/visa 

Read More: University of Cambridge

Imperial College London

In 1907, Imperial College was established by the Royal Charter, merging the Royal College of Science, Royal School of Mines, and City and Guilds College. The college focuses exclusively on science, technology, medicine and business. The college’s main campus is located in South Kensington, and it has an innovation campus in White City, a research field station at Silwood Park, and teaching hospitals throughout London.

Following are the admission requirements for Imperial College London:

• Official academic transcripts
• English proficiency test score
• Standardised exam score
• Statement of purpose or personal statement (as per course requirements)
• Admission essays (as per course requirements)
• 2-3 references/LORs (as per course requirements)
• Student CV/academic resume (as per course requirements)
• Proof of work experience (mandatory for MBA)

Read More: Imperial College London

King’s College London

Established in 1829, King’s College London is one of the oldest universities in England. King’s has five campuses including its historic Strand Campus in central London. As a part of the Golden Triangle, it is a member of numerous academic organisations, houses six Medical Research Council centres and founded the world’s first nursing school. 

To apply to King’s College, students must meet the following eligibility requirements:

• High school leaving certificate from CBSE and CISCE boards at the end of Grade 12
• An overall average score of 80 per cent and 90 per cent in the Grade 12 examination
• English Language Test Score 
• IELTS Academic: overall band score of 7 or more
• PTE Academic: overall score of 69 or more
• TOEFL iBT: overall 100; with a minimum of 25 in writing and 23 in each of the other skills
• Academic Transcripts
• Personal Statement

Read More: King’s College London

London School of Economics and Political Science

LSE was established in 1895 by Fabian Society members. It is located in Westminster, Central London, near the boundary between Covent Garden and Holborn. One hundred and fifty-five nationalities are represented amongst the LSE’s student body and the school has the second-highest percentage of international students (70%) of all world universities. 

Some of the admission requirements for LSE are listed below:

• Academic transcripts
• Proof of proficiency in the English language
• Personal statement
• Letters of Recommendation (LORs)
• Financial documents
• Resume

Read More: London School of Economics and Political Science

University College London

Established in 1826, as London University, UCL was the first university institution to be established in London and to operate entirely secularly. UCL has its main campus in the Bloomsbury area of central London, with a number of institutes and teaching hospitals elsewhere in central London and satellite campuses in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, east London and in Doha, Qatar. UCL is organised into 11 constituent faculties, within which there are over 100 departments, institutes and research centres. 

Here are some of the eligibility requirements to apply to the University College London:

• Academic transcripts (English-translated)
• Statement of purpose 
• References/LORs (required for MBA and some PG programs)
• CV/Academic resume (required for MBA and some PG programs)
• Proof of work experience (if applicable)
• Portfolios and written work samples (in some PG courses)
• English proficiency test scores
• Standardised exam scores

Read More: University College London

Research on the Golden Triangle Universities

The Golden triangle universities are called 'elite universties' because these universities have contributed immensely in the field of research and innovation. Here are some of the major facts about Golden Triangle Universities:

• Golden triangle universities generate the highest research incomes among British universities. They collaborate through initiatives like the G5, Global Medical Cluster (GMEC), MedCity,[52] and SES.

• With the exception of the LSE, significant fractions of their research income come from clinical medicine, varying from 38.2% (Cambridge) to 58.9% (King’s College London), compared to an average across the UK of 33.7%. Overall, 48.1% of the research income of the six institutions (48.8% excluding the LSE) comes from clinical medicine research.

• In 2018/19, 31.9% of all research income from UK universities went to one of the golden triangle institutions.